For modern IQ tests, the raw score is transformed to a normal distribution with mean 100 and standard deviation 15. The resulting fraction ( quotient) was multiplied by 100 to obtain the IQ score. Historically, IQ was a score obtained by dividing a person's mental age score, obtained by administering an intelligence test, by the person's chronological age, both expressed in terms of years and months. The abbreviation "IQ" was coined by the psychologist William Stern for the German term Intelligenzquotient, his term for a scoring method for intelligence tests at University of Breslau he advocated in a 1912 book. An intelligence quotient ( IQ) is a total score derived from a set of standardised tests or subtests designed to assess human intelligence.
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